Donald Arthur Swan (1935-1981)[28 March 1935. Donald Arthur Swan is born in Jersey City, NJ. He is the only child of a working-class couple, Arthur James Swan and Daisy Mae Swan, who had immigrated from Liverpool, England in 1929. They are relatively old when he is born; his mother is 32-34 yr. old. The parents divorced when he was young and he was raised by his mother in Queens Village. He was precociously intelligent but in poor health (with juvenile-onset diabetes) and temperamentally difficult.] [February 1951. Swan enters Queens College at the age of 15. In a 1987 interview, his mother said sorrowfully that he was "ruined" by being thrown in with older students. Apparently he did come into contact with people who influenced his development into a committed racist.] [February 1952. Swan is granted "a leave of absence at the request of the college following numerous incidents involving [Swan] which resulted in disturbances of the peace on the college campus. There were conferences between [Swan], his mother and the college officials as a result of which he went on 'leave'." He was disciplined for racist and anti-Semitic activity on campus.] [April 1953. Swan applies for reinstatement at Queens College.] [May 1953. Swan is informed that he has been granted reinstatement on probation for the Summer 1953 semester.] [July 1953. Swan is "again interviewed by the dean of students [at Queens College] at which conference [Swan] agreed to discontinue the type of actions which led to his suspension."] [1954. Swan graduates from Queens College.]
Swan,
Donald A. "Likes Fascism." Letter.
In Exposé, no. 34 (September 1954), 4. [1954-1955 to 1957. Swan is a graduate student in economics at Columbia University. He is eventually expelled and denied a degree after having been found to have stolen many books from the Columbia library. He later claimed that his treatment by the university was a case of political persecution.] [1958. "En 1958, il avait été nommé expert économique dans un important cabinet de gestion commerciale" (Nouvelle école).]
1959 [April 1959. In Supreme Court of NY, Queens County, 10 people file a certificate for incorporation for the Association for the Preservation of Freedom of Choice (APFC). They include Swan, Alfred Avins, Henry Garrett, et. al. This group brings together for the first time some people who will become important racist propagandists during the 1960s.] [23
April 1959. The International Association for the Advancement
of Ethnology and Eugenics, Inc., is chartered in Baltimore.
The three incorporators were: [13 May 1959. Supreme Court of NY, Queens County (Shapiro, Judge) denies approval to APFC's certificate of incorporation. See 17 Misc. 2d 1012 and 187 NYS 2d 706.] "Judge Denies Charter to Hate Group Here." New York Post (May 14, 1959), "Freedom Outfit Biased, Judge Rules." Long Island Press (May 14, 1959), [16 May 1959. Avins letter to Judge Shapiro.] [18 May 1959. Judge Shapiro's opinion appears in NY Law Journal, p 14, col 3.] [3 June 1959. Neilan and Avins memorandum in support of application. They send it and a letter to Judge Shapiro on June 4th.] [16 June 1959. Judge Shapiro tells Neilan, who is trying to arrange a hearing date, that he is reconsidering his opinion and that they should follow the NY Law Journal for developments.] [23
June 1959. Avins, Charles C Tansill and Louis Martin Sears
sign a DC certificate of incorporation for APFC. [9 July 1959. Judge Shapiro again denies approval to APFC for incorporation. See 18 Misc. 2d 534 and 188 NYS 2d 885.] [14 July 1959. New York Law Journal publishes Shapiro's second opinion at p. 4, col. 8 and p. 5, cols. 3,4.] "Charter Denied to 'Hate' Group." New York Times (July 15, 1959), 12. "Court Refuses to Charter Hate Group." New York Post (July 15, 1959). "Persecution
of the Right." Right, no. 47 (August 1959):
2. [7 August 1959. The Association for the Preservation of Freedom of Choice is incorporated in the District of Columbia.] [15 August 1959. APFC presents certificate of DC incorporation for approval in New York.] [6 October 1959. Court order dismissing Swan's petition in Swan v. Columbia University.] [6 October 1959. Judge Shapiro signs order denying approval.] [22 October 1959. Final order in Swan v. Columbia University, amending the court's October 6th order. Denies Swan's application under article 78 of the Civil Practice Act, dismisses his petition, with $20 costs to the respondent.] [16 November 1959. Supreme Court of NY, Appellate Division, 2nd Dept., rejects the APFC's appeal of Judge Shapiro's decision.] "Psychological
Warfare at Work." Review of Brain-Washing: A Synthesis
of the Soviet Textbook on Psychopolitics by Kenneth Goff.
In Northern World 4 (Yule 1959/60): 39-43.
1960 [5 February 1960. Avins letter to New York Secretary of State Simon, submitting a copy of the APFC's certificate of incorporation for filing.] [8 February 1960. Having gotten no response to his February 5th submission to New York Secretary of State Simon, Avins makes an oral demand for filing at the Secretary of State's NYC office. The demand is refused.] [10 February 1960. The APFC initiates a mandamus proceeding in State Court seeking an order to compel New York Secretary of State Simon to file its certificate of incorporation, despite the fact that it lacks approval of a State Supreme Court Justice.] [12 February 1960. New York Secretary of State Simon issues a press release on the APFC.] [May,
Ronald W.] "Draper Grants Adviser Helped Try to Form
N.Y. Hate Group." York Gazette and Daily (March
9, 1960), 1, 18. [11 March 1960. Avins, Sam S. Crutchfield and Louis Sears sign the DC certificate of incorporation for the APFC Legal Education Fund. Sears, the oldest and least active of the three, dies within a few months.] [14 March 1960. DC certificate of incorporation filed for APFC Legal Education Fund.] May, Ronald W. In Capital Times (Madison, Wisconsin), March 18, 1960 "Books
and Pamphlets on the Right." Right, no. 55 (April
1960): 6. [1 April 1960. In the Supreme Court of New York, Special Term, New York County, Part I, in APFC v. Simon, the court denies the APFC's petition for an order compelling Simon to file its certificate of incorporation and hold the statutes to be constitutional. See 22 Misc. 2d 1016 and 201 NYS 2d 135.] [18 April 1960. In Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, 2nd Department, in APFC v. Shapiro, the court denies the APFC's application for an order directing Judge Shapiro to reverse his decision and upholds his refusal to sign and approve its certificate of incorporation. See 202 NYS 2d 218.] May,
Ronald. "Genetics and Subversion." Nation
190 (May 14, 1960): 420-422. [14 May 1960. Louis Martin Sears, a DC incorporator of the APFC and the APFC Legal Education Fund, dies.] [26 May 1960. In the Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, 1st Department, in Swan v. Columbia University, the court accepts Swan's appeal. See 10 AD 2d 942 and 205 NYS 2d 03.] [30 (or 3) May 1960. Action commenced in APFC and Donald Swan v. New York Post.] [21 June 1960. In Supreme Court of NY, Appellate Division, 1st Department, in Swan v. Columbia University, the court unanimously upholds lower court's order dismissing Swan's petition. See 11 AD 2d 670.] [July 1960. The first issue of Mankind Quarterly is published.] [August 1960. Letter from Swan to Dr. J.M. Tabb of the Mississippi Department of Education, proposing that the Mississippi Department of Education purchase subscriptions to Mankind Quarterly for distribution to state educators and school superintendents.] [14 September 1960. Letter from Dr. J.M. Tabb to Swan, indicating that he has passed Swan's request for subscriptions to Mankind Quarterly along to Ada Sumrall, the Library Supervisor for the Mississippi Department of Education.]
1961 [20 February 1961. Arguments are heard in the cases of APFC v. Shapiro and APFC v. Simon.] [14 March 1961. The Court of Claims dismisses APFC v State of New York. See 26 Misc. 2d 929.] [30 March 1961. The Court of Appeals of New York reaches decisions in the cases of APFC v. Shapiro and APFC v. Simon. See 9 NYS 2d 376.] [31 March 1961. In the Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, 1st Department, motions are filed in the cases of APFC v. The Nation Associates and APFC v. Kirstein. See 13 AD 2d 493.]
Wesley,
David. Hate Groups and the Un-American Activities Committee.
New York: Emergency Civil Liberties Committee, 1961. [6 June 1961. In the case of APFC v. The Nation Associates, the Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, 1st Department, denies motion to add appeal to its calendar.] [8 June 1961. Letter from Swan to Ada Sumrall (Mississippi State Department of Education). "Dr. A. James Gregor (see enclosed photostat of article entitled 'On the Nature of Prejudice') and I will make a two-week trip in July through several of the Southern states in order to discuss educational projects in the fields of race and race relations with state educational officials. If it would be convenient for you, we would like to get together with you and any other interested officials at that time."] [9 June 1961. In the case of APFC v. Dudley, the Supreme Court of New York, Special Term, New York County, dismisses the APFC's petition seeking to annul the New York State Commission Against Discrimination's dismissal of the APFC's complaint alleging an unlawful conspiracy to foist a Negro President on the Borough of Manhattan. See 29 Misc. 2d 710 and 222 NYS 2d 631.] [12 July 1961. In US District Court for the Southern District of New York (Thomas Murphy, D.J.), APFC v. Simon is initiated by filing and service of summons and complaint.] [27 July 1961. Notice to Avins of a motion to dismiss the complaint against Simon.] [1 August 1961. Alfred Avins files a motion requesting a three-judge panel in APFC v. Simon.] [9 August 1961. US District Court Judge Thomas Murphy denies the APFC's motion requesting that APFC v. Simon be heard by a three-judge panel.] [15 August 1961. In US District Court, Southern District of New York (Thomas Murphy, District Judge), in APFC v. Simon, the defendant moves to dismiss and the plaintiff cross-moves for summary judgment.] Comas, Juan. "'Scientific' Racism Again?" Current Anthropology 2 (October 1961): 303-340. [9 October 1961. In US District Court, Southern District of New York (Thomas Murphy, District Judge), in APFC and APFC Legal Education Fund v. Simon, the court dismisses the complaint.] [31 October 1961. The Supreme Court of New York, Special Term, New York County, Part I. APFC and Swan v. Pickering. See 226 NYS 2d 857 and 31 Misc. 2d 847.] [8 November 1961. APFC and APFC Legal Education Fund v. Simon. Notice of appeal from US District Court to the US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit.] [7 December 1961. In APFC and APFC Legal Education Fund v Simon, Avins files Brief for Appellants with US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit.] [8 December 1961. Order of the Appellate Division in APFC and Donald Swan v. Kirstein and the Nation Company.] [14 December 1961. The Court of Claims dismisses the complaint in APFC v. State of New York. (See 14 March 1961.) See 30 Misc. 2d 808.]
1962 [15 January 1962. US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit gets and files the Defendant-Appelle's Appendix in APFC & APFC Legal Education Fund v. Simon.] [18 January 1962. Complaint is filed in US District Court, Southern District of Georgia, in Stell v. Savannah-Chatham County Board of Education.] [19 January 1962. US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit. Arguments in APFC v. Wagner and APFC v. Simon.] [6 February 1962. Motion in APFC v. Kirstein and APFC v. Nation Associates, Inc.] [6 February 1962. US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit, dismisses appeals in APFC v. Wagner (see 298 F2d 522) and APFC v. Simon (see 299 F2d 212).] Swan,
Donald A. "Juan Comas on ''Scientific' Racism Again?':
A Scientific Analysis." Mankind Quarterly 2
(April-June 1962): 231-45. Reuning,
Helmut. "Psychological Tests of the Kalahari Bushmen."
Mankind Quarterly 2 (April-June 1962): 265-73. Lundman,
Bertil. "Race, Language, and the History of Peoples."
Mankind Quarterly 2 (April-June 1962): 274-79. [3 May 1962. Supreme Court, Special Term, New York County, Part 1. APFC and Swan v. NY Post Corporation. See 228 N.Y.S.2d 767 and 35 Misc. 2d 65.] [3 May 62. Supreme Court, Special Term, New York County, Part 1. APFC and Swan and Avins v. Nation Co. See 228 N.Y.S.2d 628 and 35 Misc. 2d 42.] [22 June 1962. Plaintiff's motion number 15 in APFC and Swan v. Kirstein and the Nation.] [25 June 1962. Supreme Court, Special Term, New York County, denies a motion for renewal in APFC v. New York Post.] [July-Sept 62. Mankind Qtrly, vol. 3, no. 1. This was the first issue to list Swan as an Assistant Editor (with Robert E. Kuttner and A. James Gregor).] [3 July 1962. Supreme Court, Special Term, New York County, Part 1. In APFC and Swan v. Kirstein and the Nation Co, the court denies Avins' motion for summary judgment and grants defendants' motion to dismiss the cause of action on behalf of the corporate plaintiff. See 231 N.Y.S.2d 937.] [19 July 1962. Donald Swan commences an action against the Board of Higher Education of the City of New York, in New York Supreme Court, County of New York. The action is based on the treatmetn Swan received while at Queens College. The court eventually grants a motion to dismiss the action.] [20 July 1962. Donald Swan commences a second action against the Board of Higher Education of the City of New York, this one in US District Court for the Southern District of New York.] [14 August 1962. In the action Swan commenced in US District Court (S.D.N.Y.) on 20 July, the Board of Higher Education of the City of New York moves to have Swan's complaint dismissed.] [22 August 1962. New York Law Journal, p 7. Opinion of Justice Amsterdam (New York State Supreme Court, County of New York) dismissing APFC Legal Education Fund and Swan v. Gustave G Rosenberg, as Chairman of the Board of Higher Education of the City of New York (Index no. 12274/1962).] [23 August 1962. Swan v. Board of Higher Education of the City of New York, et. al. (Index no. 14473/1962) is filed in New York State Supreme Court, New York County. It is eventually dismissed.] [10 September 1962. In US District Court, Southern District of New York (Metzner, District Judge), in Swan v. Board of Higher Education of the City of New York, the Federal action Swan commenced on July 20th, the court dismisses the complaint as barred by the statute of limitations.] [~13 September 1962. An amended complaint filed in Swan v. Board of Higher Education, without having obtained the leave of the court to do so. (This is a procedural error.)] [14 September 1962. An amended complaint is served in APFC v. Emergency Civil Liberties Committee.] [17 September 1962. In Swan v. Board of Higher Education, an attorney for Board of Higher Education returns the amended complaint he has been served. He indicates that since no leave of the court had been obtained, he would treat the complaint as a nullity.] [19 October 1962. In the Federal action, Swan v. Board of Higher Education, that Swan had commenced in US District Court (Southern District of New York) on July 20th, the Court (Metzner, D.J.) grants a motion for reargument of the September 10th order dismissing the complaint.] [9 November 1962. In the action that Swan had commenced in US District Court (S.D.N.Y.) on July 20th, he serves notice of a motion returnable on November 20th seeking a default judgment against the Board of Higher Education for failing to respond to the amended complaint served on September 17th.] [26 November 1962. In the action Swan commenced in US District Court (S.D.N.Y.) on July 20th, the Court denies Swan's November 9th motion for a default judgment against Board of HigherEducation for failing to respond to the amended complaint that was served on September 17th.] [6 December 1962. In US District Court for the Southern District of New York (Metzner, District Judge), in Swan v. Board of Higher Education, after reargument the court announces that it will continue to adhere to its September 10th decision.] [11 December 1962. Supreme Courtt, Special Term, County of New York. APFC, et al v. Emergency Civil Liberties Committee. See 236 NYS 2d 216 and 37 Misc. 2d 599.] [28 December 1962. Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Div, 3rd Department, affirms the lower court's order in APFC v. State of New York. See 18 AD 2d 747.] [~1962. Symposium on Anti-Discrimination Legislation, Freedom of Choice, and Property Rights in Housing, organized by Alfred Avins, who intended to publish its proceedings in the April 1963 issue of the Chicago-Kent Law Review, of which he was faculty editor. Ultimately the university administration objected to his use of the journal as a platform for his racial views and the symposium papers had to be published elsewhere.]
1963 [22 January 1963. Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, 1st Department, renders a decision in APFC v. The Nation, APFC v. Kirstein, and APFC v. Pickering. It grants a motion to dismiss the appeal in each action. See 18 AD2d 791.] [31 January 1963. Motion to intervene in Stell v. Savannah.] [11 March 1963. The first instance of mail fraud for which Swan eventually serves time in prison.] [18 March 1963. US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit, gets a Brief of Defendants-Appelles in Swan v. Board of Higher Education.] [26 March 1963. The second instance of mail fraud of which Swan is convicted in 1967.] [6 May 1963. US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit, hears arguments in Swan v. Board of Higher Education.] [28 May 1963. Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, 1st Department, affirms the lower court's decision dismissing APFC v. New York Post. See 19 AD2d 528.] [29 May 63. Supplemental Brief and Argument in Support of Motion to Intervene, in Stell v. Savannah.] [May 1963. Hearing in Stell.] [4 June 1963. US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit, renders a decision in Swan v. Board of Higher Education of the City of NY.] [28 June 1963. Stell v. Savannah. In US District Court for the Southern District of Georgia, District Judge Frank M Scarlett enters a final opinion and judgment.] Lundman,
Bertil. Review of The Island Civilization of Polynesia
by Robert G. Suggs. In Mankind Quarterly 4 (July-September
1963): 57. Lundman,
Bertil. Review of Le Razze e l'Popoli della Terra
by Renato Biasutti. In Mankind Quarterly 4 (July-September
1963): 60.
1964 Lundman,
Bertil. "Professor Egon von Eickstedt: World-Renowned
Anthropologist." Mankind Quarterly 4 (January-March
1964): 161-64. [20 January 1964. Arguments before 5th Circuit Court of Appeals in Brown v. Charleston.] [27 January 1964. The 5th Circuit Court of Appeals hands down its decision in Brown v. Charleston.] [Feb 1964. The Anatomy of a Controversy, Part III. Mankind Monographs VI. Edinburgh: Mankind Quarterly. Includes reprint of Swan, "Juan Comas on ''Scientific' Racism Again?': A Scientific Analysis."] Swan, Donald A. "Human Genetics and Psychological Differences." Mankind Quarterly 4 (April- June 1964): 197-201. Miszkiewicz,
Brunon. "The Anthropological Structure of the Population
of Schwalm." Mankind Quarterly 4 (April-June 1964):
211-213. [18-21 May 1964. US District court hears Evers v. Jackson and related cases. R. Travis Osborne, Henry Garrett, Frank McGurk, Ernest van den Haag, and Robert Kuttner testified. Wesley Critz George had been scheduled to testify, but was unable to be present due to his wife's illness. William E Hoy was also present.] Swan, Donald A. "Genetics and Psychology." Genus 20 (1964): 23-35. [18 June 1964. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals hands down a decision overturning District Judge Scarlett in Stell v. Savannah.] Males,
Branimiro. "Racial Biodynamics and Biogenesis in the
Study of Population." Mankind Quarterly 5 (July-September
1964): 3-20. Wintringer,
Gerard. "The Intelligence of the African Negro." Mankind
Quarterly 4 (July-September 1964): 35-44. [6 or 7 July 1964. The US District Court hands down its decision in Evers v Jackson.] [23 July 1964. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals denies a rehearing in Stell v Savannah.] Swan, Donald A. "Biological Processes of Race Formation." Mankind Quarterly 5 (October- December 1964): 110-116. [2 October 1964. Swan mails a postcard fraudulently ordering merchandise from Lee and Febiger Publishers, Philadelphia. This is the basis of the fourth count in the fraud charge against him.] [12 October 1964. The US Supreme Court rejects appeal in Brown v. Charleston without comment. This is the first time any of this group of cases has gotten to Supreme Court; it marks the end of the process.] [5 November 1964. Date on a letter from Swan ordering books from Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago. This is the basis of the fifth count in the fraud charge against him.] [10 November 1964. Date of a letter from Swan ordering books from Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago. This is the basis of the sixth count in fraud charge against him.]
1965 Swan, Donald A. "Racial Differences and Physical Anthropology." Mankind Quarterly 5 (January-February 1965): 149-160. [1 February 1965. Swan's friend and co-conspirator in mail fraud, Andrew Portoghese, tells a business associate, Max Meyer, that a Dr. David Levy is going away and needs someone to accept his mail until he returns. Meyer agrees to accept mail addressed to Levy at his business.] [10 February 1965. Using a newspaper clipping, Swan orders merchandise from The Classics Club, Roslyn, Long Island. This leads to the 7th count of mail fraud.] [11 February 1965. Basis of the 8th mail fraud count against Swan.] [17 February 1965. Swan mails a magazine mail order form to Classics Record Library, NY, using name "Dr David Levy" and the address of Max Meyer, Inc. This is the basis of the 9th mail fraud count against Swan and Portoghese.] [28 March 1965. Basis for the 10th mail fraud count against Swan. This was also his 30th birthday.] Swan,
Donald A. Review of "A Rorschach Study of the Development
of Personality Structure in White and Negro Children in a Southeastern
Community" by A.C. Price. In Homo 16 (1965):
50-52. Swan, Donald A. "Race and Mental Differences." Mankind Quarterly 5 (April-June 1965): 196-203. Swan, Donald A. "Race, Selection, and Psychical Traits." Mankind Quarterly 5 (April-June 1965): 206-211. [5 April 1965. Basis for 11th mail fraud count against Swan.] Swan,
Donald A., and H.M. Roland. "Race, Psychology and
Education: Wilmington, North Carolina." Mankind
Quarterly 6 (July-September 1965): 19-36. [15 December 1965. Basis for the 12th and last mail fraud count against Swan.]
1966 Leonard,
George Stephen. "Ethnic Differentiation in the United
States School Desegregation Cases." Mankind Quarterly
6 (January-March 1966): 139-148. [January-March 1966. Mankind Qtrly, vol. 6, no. 3. This is the last issue to list Swan as an assistant editor. His name was removed from the masthead after his April 1966 arrest.] [26 January 1966. The US Court of Appeals (5th Circuit) decision in Evers v Jackson.] [28 March 1966. Swan's 31st birthday.] [5 April 1966. Swan is arrested.] Walsh, Robert. "Probe PO Fraud, Find Arms Cache." New York Daily News (April 6, 1966), 5. "Anti-Semitic Tracts Found at Home of New Yorker Arrested for Fraud." Jewish Telegraphic Agency Daily News Bulletin (April 7, 1966), 4. [14 May 1966. The US Court of Appeals (5th Circuit) denies certiorari in Evers v Jackson.] [9 August 1966. The US House passes the proposed Civil Rights Act of 1966.] [6-19 September 1966. The US Senate debates the Civil Rights Act of 1966. The bill dies after filibuster.] [14 September 1966. Cloture is voted down in the Senate. Five days later supporters of the bill again fail to obtain cloture and the bill dies.]
1967 Kuttner,
Robert E., editor. Race and Modern Science. New York:
Social Science Press, 1967. Swan,
Donald A. "Selected Pupil and School Characteristics."
Tydskrif vir Rasse- Aangeleenthede / Journal of Racial Affairs
18 (January 1967): 28-36. [24 January 1967. Psychological Reports accepts Kuttner, Lorincz and Swan, "The Schizophrenia Gene and Social Evolution."] Kuttner,
Robert E., Albert B. Lorincz, and Donald A. Swan. "The
Schizophrenia Gene and Social Evolution." Psychological
Reports 20 (April 1967): 407-412. Swan,
Donald A. "Comparison of the Relation Between Mental
Maturity and Academic Achievement Among White and Negro School
Children in a South Louisiana Parish." Tydskrif
vir Rasse-Aangeleenthede / Journal of Racial Affairs 18 (April
1967): 89-107. [16-21 August 1967. Swan's mail fraud trial is held in US District Court in New York.] [17 August 1967. On the second day of the trial, Swan's co-defendant, Andrew Portoghese, pleads guilty to one count (count 7) of the indictment and agrees to testify against Swan.] [22 September 1967. US District Court Judge Jacob Mishler sentences Swan for "study and report."]
1968 Swan, Donald A. "Race, Psychology and Socio-Economic Achievement." Tydskrif vir Rasse-Aangeleenthede / Journal of Racial Affairs 18 (January 1968): 3-10. [5 January 1968. US District Court Judge Jacob Mishler resentences Swan to three years. Swan appeals to the US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit.] [1 March 1968. Swan's lawyer files a Brief and Appendix for the Appellant with the US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit.] [21 March 1968. The US Attorney for the Eastern District of New York files an Appellee's Brief with the US Court of Appeals, 2nd District, in Swan's appeal of his mail fraud conviction.] [10 April 1968. Arguments before US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit, in Swan's appeal of his mail fraud conviction.] [3 June 1968. The US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit, affirms Swan's mail fraud conviction.] [13 June 1968. Date on Swan's petition to the US Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit, for a rehearing and rehearing before the Court in banc. The Court Clerk marks it "filed" 5 days later.] Swan,
Donald A. "Le processes biologique de la formation
raciale." Nouvelle Ecole, no. 3 (June-July 1968):
11-17. Swan, Donald A. "Différenciation raciale et anthropologie physique." Nouvelle Ecole, no. 3 (June-July 1968): 18-30. Swan, Donald A. "Race, sélection et caractères psychiques." Nouvelle Ecole, no. 3 (June-July 1968): 31-36. Swan, Donald A. "Race et psychologie." Nouvelle Ecole, no. 3 (June-July 1968): 37-45.
1971 [1971. Swan receives an M.A. degree in mathematics from Hunter College.] Swan,
Donald A. "C-14 und die Vorgeschichte Europas."
Mannus: Zeitschrift für Deutsche Vorgeschichte 37
(1971): 48-53. [Fall 1971. Roger Pearson returns to the University of Southern Mississippi in Hattiesburg. He hires Swan and Robert Kuttner as members of the faculty.] Swan,
Donald A. "The American School of Ethnology."
Mankind Quarterly 12 (October- December 1971): 78-98. Swan, Donald A. Review of Multivariate Procedures for the Behavioral Sciences by W.W. Cooley and P.R. Lohnes. In Mankind Quarterly 12 (October-December 1971): 121. Swan,
Donald A. Letter. Atlantic Monthly 228 (December
1971): 106.
1972 Swan,
Donald A. "Carbon-14 and the Prehistory of Europe:
A Review of the Revised Data." Mankind Quarterly
12 (January-March 1972): 138-43. Richthofen,
Bolko, Freiherr von. Review of Geistesgeschichte der
Frühzeit by Friedrich Cornelius. In Mannus 38
(1972): 49-52. Lundman,
Bertil. "Anthropological, Sociological and Psychological
Investigations of Swedish School Children." Mankind
Quarterly 12 (April-June 1972): 189-212. Swan,
Donald A. Review of "Blood Type Gene Frequency and
Mental Ability" by R. Travis Osborne and D.E. Suddick.
In Mankind Quarterly 12 (April-June 1972): 244. [1972. Swan receives an M.A. degree from New York University.] Swan, Donald A. Review of Geographische Anthropologie by Bertil Lundman. In Nouvelle Ecole, no. 18 (May-June 1972): 74. [29 July 1972. Annual meeting of the Gesellschaft für Vor- und Frügeschichte, in Krems an der Donau, Lower Austria. In a report on the meeting in Mannus, vol. 39, no. 1 (1973), page 69, Dieter Korell writes: "Von den überseeischen Ländern sind unsere Beziehungen besonders gut in die USA. Wie Sie wissen, ist Prof. Swan der City-University New York Korrespondierendes Mitglied unserer Gesellschaft. In nächster Zeit wird er noch intensiver am Mannus mitarbeiten, wahrscheinlich sogar redaktionell tätig sein. Die führenden Universitäten der USA beziehen den Mannus, übrigens auch die Kongreß-Bibliothek in Washington. Diese Verbindungen werden ständig intensiviert und zeitigen schon jetzt gute Früchte."] Swan, Donald A. Review of "The Origin of Man" by Grover S. Krantz. In Mannus 38 (1972): 241-242. Swan, Donald A. "Zur Entwicklung der Menschlichen Gehirnkapazität." Mannus 38 (1972): 257-64. Swan,
Donald A. Review of "Social Class, Race, Seriating
and Reading Readiness: A Study of Their Relationship at the Kindergarten
Level" by Ralph Scott. In Nouvelle Ecole, no.
21-22 (Winter 1972-73): 131-33. [1972-81. Mannus: Swan is Mitglieder der Schriftleitung from v 38 n 4 (last issue for 1972) until his death.]
1973 Swan, Donald A. "The Measurement of Cultural Development in the Ancient Near East and in Anglo-Saxon England." Mankind Quarterly 13 (January-March 1973): 166-170. Swan, Donald A. Review of "IQs of Identical Twins Raised Apart" by Arthur R. Jensen. In Mankind Quarterly 13 (January-March 1973): 187-88. Swan,
Donald A. "Differences in Races Are Not Just Skin
Deep." Pulse (January 20, 1973): 20-21. Swan,
Donald A. "Race Shows in IQ Tests." Pulse
(January 27, 1973): 18. Swan, Donald A. "The Anthropology of the Brain: 3. Homo Erectus, the Origin of Races, and the Evolution of the Brain." Mankind Quarterly 14 (July-September 1973): 3-40. Swan,
Donald A., and Dieter Korell. "Bemerkungen zu Homo
Erectus, dem Ursprung der Rassen, und der Entwicklung des menschlichen
Gehirns." Mannus 39 (1973): 135-178. Swan, Donald A., and Frank Miele, with the assistance of R. Travis Osborne. "A Factor Analysis of Oetteking's Ancient Egyptian Cranial Data." Homo 24 (1973): 188-204. Swan, Donald A. "Professor Henry E. Garrett: 1894-1973." Mankind Quarterly 14 (October-December 1973): 83-84. Swan, Donald A. "Brain Weight of Danes: A Review." Mankind Quarterly 14 (October- December 1973): 85-92. Swan,
Donald A. Review of "Blood Type Gene Frequency and
Mental Ability" by R. Travis Osborne and D.E. Suddick.
In Mannus 39 (1973): 349-50.
1974 Swan, Donald A. "The Anthropology of the Brain: 4. The Evolution of the Neanderthal Brain.- Part I." Mankind Quarterly 14 (January-March 1974): 123-55. Swan, Donald A. "The Anthropology of the Brain: 4. The Evolution of the Neanderthal Brain.- Part II." Mankind Quarterly 14 (April-May 1974): 185-208. [Spring 1974. Roger Pearson's last semester in Hattiesburg. He went to Butte, Montana for a year and then to Washington DC. Swan stayed behind in Hattiesburg.] Kuttner,
Robert E., and Donald A. Swan. "Biological Aspects
of Human Cultural Evolution." Southern Quarterly
12 (July 1974): 323-333. Swan, Donald A. Review of "Neue Endokraniale Werte für Australopithrcinen" by Ralph L. Holloway. In Mannus 40 (1974): 85-86. Lundman,
Bertil. "The Races and Peoples of North and Central Asia."
Mankind Quarterly 15 (October-December 1974): 92-99. Swan, Donald A. Review of "Brain Evolution: New Light on Old Principles" by Harry J. Jerison. In Mankind Quarterly 15 (October-December 1974): 149-50. Swan, Donald A. Review of "Social Class, Race, Seriating and Reading Readiness" by Ralph Scott. In Mankind Quarterly 15 (October-December 1974): 153-54. Swan, Donald A. "Rassenzugehörigkeit und Intelligenz." Nation Europa 24 (November 1974): 37-40.
1975 Miszkiewicz,
Brunon. "The Anthropology of the Aunjetitz Population
of Tomice, Poland." Mankind Quarterly 15 (April-June
1975): 281-92. Boev,
Peter. "Anthropological Data on the Ethnogenesis of
the Ancient Thracians." Mankind Quarterly 16
(July-September 1975): 68-73. Miszkiewicz,
Brunon. "The Anthropological Structure of the North
Frisian Population." Mankind Quarterly
16 (October-December 75): 104- Swan,
Donald A. "On the Question of Mongoloid Admixture Among
the Ancient Slavs." Review of "Zur Frage Mongolider
Beimischung bei den Altslawen" by Ilse Schwidetzky.
In Mankind Quarterly 16 (October-December 1975):
143-47. Swan, Donald A. Review of "Social Class, Race, Seriating and Reading Readiness" by Ralph Scott. In Mankind Quarterly 16 (October-December 1975): 148-50. [Fall 1975. Swan initiates an anthropological & psychometric study of Anglo-Saxon children in South Mississippi. The psychometric work is directed by Ralph Scott [q.v.]. This is around the time of some of Scott's most controversial political activities. Scott is also getting separate grants from Pioneer Fund for other projects.) "Anthropometric data (head and body measurements), pigmentation measures, dermatoglyphic data, serological data, and measures of intelligence and personality were obtained from more than 1,000 students at three private academies in the South Mississippi area ... " The schools are segregationist academies in three towns near Hattiesburg: Columbia Academy, Sanford Academy, and Brookhaven Academy.] [November-December 1975. As part of Swan's study of South Mississippi Anglo-Saxon school children, anthropometric measurements are made of students at Columbia Academy. Data on family size and ordinal position are also gathered.] Swan, Donald A. Review of "On the Evolution of Tool-Using Behaviour" by Jane B Lancaster. In Nouvelle Ecole, no. 27-28 (Autumn-Winter 1975): 151-53.
1976 Swan, Donald A. "Psychological Studies on the Sudanese and Guinean Negroes." Mankind Quarterly 16 (January-March 1976): 163-98. Lipták,
Pal. "The Anthropological Find from the Szabadszallas-Boczka
Estate in Hungary." Mankind Quarterly 16 (January-March
1976): 214-18. [January 1976. As part of Swan's study of south Mississippi Anglo-Saxon schoolchildren, David Stephen Engelstad, one of Ralph Scott's graduate students, administers IQ tests to 498 children (grades K through 12) at Columbia Academy.] Lundman,
Bertil. "The Distribution of Anthropological Traits
in Europe." Mankind Quarterly 16 (April-June
1976): 257-78. [April 1976. Ralph Scott's graduate students administer personality questionnaires: David Engelstad at Columbia Academy and Bryce Kim at Sanford Academy.] [1 October 1976. The Pioneer Fund approves a $2,000 grant to the IAAEE "for the study of American Anglo-Saxon school children." (Pioneer Fund's 1976 Form 990. IAAEE's address is PO Box 1588, Southern Station, Hattiesburg.)] [October 1976. Patrick Mooney, a graduate student of Ralph Scott, administers personality questionnaires at Brookhaven Academy.] Lundman,
Bertil. "The Racial History of Europe: An Outline."
Mankind Quarterly 17 (October- December 1976): 115-29.
1977 Hébert,
Jean-Pierre. Race et Intelligence. Paris: Editions
Copernic, 1977. Swan, Donald A. "Ales Hrdlicka on Race Deterioration and Race Destruction." Mankind Quarterly 17 (January-March 1977): 201-207. [31 January 1977. The Pioneer Fund approves a $5,000 grant to the IAAEE "for the study of American Anglo-Saxon school children." The same day, it approves a $4,000 grant to the IAAEE "for the reprint of a monograph on Heredity & Eugenics. $4,000 expended per report dated 9/28/77/." (Pioneer Fund's 1977 Form 990. IAAEE's address remains PO Box 1588, Southern Station, Hattiesburg.)] Swan, Donald A. "Sir Grafton Elliot Smith on 'The Negro Race'." Mankind Quarterly 17 (April-June 1977): 283-310. Swan,
Donald A. "The Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood
Groups Among South Mississippi Anglo-Saxon School Children."
Mankind Quarterly 18 (July-September 1977): 3-58. [5 October 1977. The Pioneer Fund approves a $4,000 grant to the IAAEE "for the reprint of a monograph on Heredity & Eugenics." (Pioneer Fund's 1977 Form 990).] Swan, Donald. "Neue Befunde zur Rassenpsychologie der Europiden." Neue Anthropologie (1977).
1978 Swan, Donald A., and Garnett Hawkins. "The Dermatoglyphics of South Mississippi Anglo-Saxon School Children: Part I." Mankind Quarterly 18 (January-March 1978): 163-185. Swan, Donald A., and Garnett Hawkins. "The Dermatoglyphics of South Mississippi Anglo-Saxon School Children: Part II." Mankind Quarterly 18 (April-May 1978): 243-282. Swan,
Donald A. "Racial Differences Are Not Just Skin Deep."
American Mercury, no. 528 (Spring 1978): 30-34. [25 April 1978. The Pioneer Fund approves a $3,500 grant to the IAAEE "for reprint of Prof. Osborne's article 'Fertility, I.Q., & School Achievement'." (Pioneer Fund's 1978 Form 990. IAAEE's address remains PO Box 1588, Southern Station, Hattiesburg.)] Irsigler,
F.J. "Die Stellung des Homo Rhodesiensis in der Stammesgeschichte."
Mannus 44 (1978): 103-118. Miszkiewicz, Brunon. "Anthropologische Untersuchungen einiger angelsächsischer Schulkindergruppen in den Vereinigten Staaten Amerikas (Mississippi) 1975-1976." Studies in Physical Anthropology 1 (1978): 69-85. [14 September 1978. The Pioneer Fund approves a $5,000 grant to the IAAEE "for reprint of a monograph on 'The Distribution of the ABO- & Rh- Blood Groups among South Mississippi Anglo-Saxon School Children'." (Pioneer Fund's 1978 Form 990).] [9 December 1978. The Pioneer Fund approves a $5,000 grant to the IAAEE "for research participation in the project 'The Anthropological & Psychological Study of American Anglo-Saxon School Children'." (Pioneer Fund's 1978 Form 990.)]
1979 [17 January 1979. The Pioneer Fund approves a grant of $2,500 to the IAAEE for "studies of kinship correlations using anthropometric, dermatoglyphic & behavioral data." (Pioneer Fund's 1979 Form 990.)] [22 January 1979. The Pioneer Fund approves a grant of $4,000 to the IAAEE for "dermatoglyphic studies of kinship correlations." (Pioneer Fund's 1979 Form 990.)] [3 March 1979. The Pioneer Fund approves a grant of $5,000 to IAAEE for "the administration of intelligence & personality tests to schoolchildren of the British Isles." (Pioneer Fund's 1979 Form 990.)] [6 April 1979. The Pioneer Fund approves a grant of $5,000 to IAAEE for "publication of monograph 'Twin Studies of Ability, Personality, & Interest' by Dr. Robert C. Nichols." (Pioneer Fund's 1979 Form 990.)] [Spring 1979. Nouvelle Ecole, no. 31-32, p. 226. Half-page ad for Mannus lists Swan.] Engelstad,
David Stephen. "The Relation Between Family Size,
Ordinal Position and IQ in a Sample of South Mississippi School
Children." Mankind Quarterly 19 (March 1979):
193-213. [7 August 1979. The Pioneer Fund approves a grant of $4,500 to the IAAEE for "the scaling of socio-economic data obtained in the Anglo-Saxon study." (Pioneer Fund's 1979 Form 990.)] Miszkiewicz,
Brunon. "The Anthropological Analysis of Germanic
Cranial Series from the Merovingian Period According to the Approximation
Method of Adam Wanke." Mankind Quarterly 20 (September-December
1979): 36-77. [16 October 1979. The Pioneer Fund approves a grant of $4,500 to IAAEE for "an analysis of the relation between hair & eye color & mental & behavioral traits." (Pioneer Fund's 1979 Form 990.) This brings the total amount of the Pioneer Fund's 1979 grants to the IAAEE to $25,500.] Billig,
Michael. Psychology, Racism and Fascism. Birmingham,
1979.
1980 [29 January 1980. The Pioneer Fund approves a $10,000 grant to the IAAEE for "studies of the head, body, and pigmentation measures of British schoolchildren in connection with a comparative study of British & southern Mississippi schoolchildren." (1980 Form 990, which gives Swan's home address as address for IAAEE.)] [9 June 1980. The Pioneer Fund approves a $3,500 grant to the IAAEE for "funding the analysis of data on test performance and scholastic achievement as compared with data on family background and socio-economic status obtained in the Anglo-Saxon study."] Swan,
Donald A., Garnett Hawkins, and Betty Douglas. "The
Relationship Between ABO Blood Type and Factor of Personality
Among South Mississippi 'Anglo-Saxon' School Children."
Mankind Quarterly 20 (Spring-Summer 1980): 205-258. Boev,
Peter. "The Anthropological Origins of the Thracians."
Mankind Quarterly 20 (Spring-Summer 1980): 321-330. Schnapp,
Alain, and Jesper Svenbro. "Du Nazisme à 'Nouvelle
Ecole': Repères sur la prétendue Nouvelle droite."
Quaderni di Storia 6 (1980): Barnes,
Ian R. "The Pedigree of GRECE - II." Patterns
of Prejudice 14 (October 1980): 29-39. [14 October 1980. The Pioneer Fund approves a $4,000 grant to the IAAEE for "printing 4,000 copies of Prof Carleton Coon's monograph entitled 'New Findings on the Origin of Races'."]
1981 [27 February 1981. The Pioneer Fund approves a $4,500 grant to the IAAEE for "funding an analysis of the relation among scholastic achievement, mental ability and personality factor in context of data obtained in an Anglo-Saxon study, and preparing a paper thereon to be submitted to the journal, Personality and Individual Differences." (Pioneer Fund's 1981 Form 990. The address given for the IAAEE here is George S Leonard's law office, 1629 K St NW, Suite 520, Washington DC.)] [27 February 1981. The Pioneer Fund approves a $70,000 grant to Arthur Jensen's Institute for the Study of Educational Differences for, among other things, "analyses of data assembled by Donald Swan, ... as more fully described in the Institute's research proposal and budget for Oct 1, 1981 through Sept 30, 1982." (Pioneer Fund's 1981 Form 990.)] Taguieff,
Pierre-André. "L'Héritage Nazi: Des Nouvelles Droites
européennes à la littérature niant le génocide." Les
Nouveaux Cahiers, no. 64 (Spring 1981): 3-22. [23 June 1981. Donald Swan dies at the age of 46 after surgery in Forrest General Hospital in Hattiesburg.] [July 1981. Nouvelle Ecole, no 36. This is the last issue to list Swan as US correspondent. No 37 (Spring 82) lists Dr. Robert John, an expatriate British anti-Semite and associate of Roger Pearson. Eventually Paul Gottfried assumes the position.] "Donald Swan (1935-1981)." Instauration 6 (November 1981): 20.
1982 Barnes,
Ian R. "Intellectual Processes on the French Far Right."
Patterns of Prejudice 16 (January 1982): 3-12. "'New'
Anthropology." Patterns of Prejudice 16 (January
1982): 43-45. "Nécrologie."
Nouvelle Ecole, no. 37 (Spring 1982): 158. Moreau,
Patrick. "Revolution Conservatrice et Nouvelles Droites
Allemandes." Les Temps Modernes 39 (November 1982):
893-959.
1983 Mehler,
Barry A. "The New Eugenics: Academic Racism in
the U.S. Today." Science for the People 15 (May-June
1983): 18-23.
1987 [6
October 1987. Telephone interview with Ralph Scott.
1988 Santiago,
Frank. "Rights Official Has Racial 'Purity' Links."
Des Moines Register (February 28, 1988), 1A, 9A. [7
April 1988. Interview with John C. Eastman, director, Congressional
and Public Affairs, US Commission on Civil Rights, on the controversy
then surrounding Ralph Scott. Scott's work with Swan is
mentioned: Mehler,
Barry A. "Ralph Scott's Curious Career: Rightist on
the Rights Panel." Nation (May 7, 1988):
640-642.
1989 [31
October 1989. Nine-page memo from William Frawley (professor
of linguistics, University of Delaware) to E.A. Trebant (president
of the university) on the Pioneer Fund. In a discussion
of Ralph Scott on page 4, Frawley refers to Swan: "$6,000
of Scott's original Pioneer Fund Money in the 1970's was to conduct
joint research with Donald Swan, then of the University of Southern
Mississippi, to test the intelligence of Anglo-Saxon school children.
Swan, it should be noted, supported by some $60,000 from the Pioneer
Fund (Mehler 1983), has written 'Racial Differences Are Not Just
Skin Deep' originally in the American Mercury 1978;
also distributed by the IAAEE: see more below; the title
of Swan's paper speaks for itself). In 1966, when Swan was
arrested for mail fraud in New York City, authorities found in
his house '... a loaded carbine, a high-powered range-finder,
clips for the carbine and 50 rounds of 45 caliber ammunition...
swords, Nazi flags... a German helmet [and] several photographs
of Swan with members of George Lincoln Rockwell's neo-Nazi organization'
(Walsh 1966, p. 5). These activities apparently recommended
Swan to receive subsequently over $50,000 in research money from
the Pioneer Fund (Mehler 1983)."
"Pioneer
Fund Letter of William Frawley of 10/31/89." Unpublished
memorandum, November 15, 1989. [22
November 1989. Three-page memo from Linda Gottfredson,
"More Information on the Pioneer Fund," to Ron Whittington
(assistant to the president, University of Delaware). On
page one: Mehler,
Barry. "Foundation for Fascism: the New Eugenics Movement
in the United States." Patterns of Prejudice
23 (Winter 1989-1990): 17-25.
1994 Tucker,
William H. The Science and Politics of Racial Research.
Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1994.
1997 [17
June 1997. Robert A Gordon, "How Smart We Are
About What We Broadcast: An Open Letter to ABC News,"
addressed to seven people from ABC News, including Roone Arledge,
Peter Jennings, Bill Blakemore and Beth Nissan. This is
posted on the Pioneer Fund's web site at www.pioneerfund.org/ABCletter.html
. It is a very long (34,000 word) belated critique the report
on The Bell Curve and the Pioneer Fund on ABC's "World
News Tonight with Peter Jennings" of November 22, 1994.
Gordon refers to Donald Swan:
Revised June 25, 1998 |